An open-access fiber network refers to a telecommunications infrastructure in which the physical fiber-optic cables are shared by multiple service providers, allowing for competition and choice among various internet service providers (ISPs) and other communication services. The term "open access" emphasizes the idea that the network infrastructure is open to multiple providers on a non-discriminatory basis.

In a traditional model, a single telecommunications company might own and operate the entire network, providing services directly to end-users. In contrast, an open-access fiber network is designed to encourage competition by allowing multiple service providers to offer their services over the same physical network infrastructure.

This approach has several potential benefits:

1. Competition: Multiple service providers can compete on the same network, potentially leading to lower prices, better services, and increased innovation.
2. Choice for Consumers: End-users have the flexibility to choose their service provider while still using the same physical infrastructure.
3. Efficient Use of Resources: Building and maintaining a fiber-optic network is a significant investment. An open-access model allows for more efficient use of this infrastructure, as it is shared among multiple providers.
4. Innovation: The presence of multiple service providers on the same network can foster innovation as companies compete to offer unique and improved services.